In this guide · Part 3 of 7
Key takeaways
- Filament printer: the printer, filament (start with PLA), slicer software and a few basic tools.
- Resin printer: the printer, resin, gloves and eye protection, cleaning and curing equipment, and a well-ventilated space.
- Slicer software is essential. 3D design software is optional when you're starting out.
- A stable, level surface in a suitable room makes a bigger difference than most beginners expect.
What do you need for a filament (FDM) 3D printer?
Essentials
- A filament printer. Choose one to suit your space and projects (filament printers).
- Filament. Start with PLA, the easiest material to print. Check your printer's filament diameter, which is usually 1.75mm.
- Slicer software. This prepares models for printing and is usually free from your printer's manufacturer.
- A scraper and side cutters. Use them to lift prints off the bed and snip away supports (tools).
- Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and a lint-free cloth. A clean, grease-free build plate is the key to good adhesion.
Nice to have
- Bed adhesion aids: a glue stick or adhesive helps some materials stick (bed adhesion)
- A filament dryer or dry storage: filament absorbs moisture from the air, which spoils print quality (filament dryers, storage)
- Spare nozzles: they wear over time and are quick to swap (nozzles)
- A spare or alternative build plate: a smooth or textured surface changes the finish on the underside of your prints (FDM build plates)
- Finishing tools: files, sandpaper and deburring tools give a neater finish (finishing tools)
What do you need for a resin 3D printer?
Essentials
- A resin printer (resin printers).
- Resin. Standard or water-washable resin is ideal for first prints.
- Nitrile gloves and safety glasses. Wear them every time you handle liquid resin or uncured prints (safety and PPE).
- Cleaning liquid. Use isopropyl alcohol (IPA) or a dedicated resin cleaner, or water for water-washable resin (cleaning solutions).
- A UV curing light. Prints must be cured after washing to reach full strength.
- Paper towels, a silicone mat and a plastic scraper to keep your workspace clean (resin handling).
Nice to have
- A wash and cure station: automates cleaning and curing and keeps the mess in one place (wash and cure machines)
- An air purifier: reduces resin odour and fumes (air purifiers)
- Spare FEP film: the clear film in the bottom of the resin vat wears and needs replacing from time to time (FEP films, resin vats)
- Funnels and filters: for pouring resin back into the bottle
What software do you need for 3D printing?
| Software | What it does | Do you need it? |
|---|---|---|
| Slicer | Turns a 3D model into layer-by-layer instructions for your printer, and controls settings such as layer height, strength and supports | Essential |
| 3D design (CAD) | Lets you create or edit your own 3D models | Optional |
| Model library | Websites where you can download ready-made models, many of them free | Useful |
| Printer app | Sends prints, monitors progress (sometimes with a camera) and installs updates | Usually supplied |
Start with the slicer your printer's manufacturer recommends, because it comes with tested settings (called profiles) for your printer and its materials. Several popular slicers are free and support many brands, so you can explore others once you're confident. Filament and resin printers use different slicers.
Where should you put a 3D printer?
- On a stable, level surface. Wobble and vibration show up as defects in your prints.
- At a comfortable room temperature, away from draughts, open windows and direct sunlight. Cold rooms cause warping on filament printers and failed prints on resin printers.
- In a well-ventilated space, especially for resin, ABS and ASA. Avoid bedrooms and kitchens for resin printers.
- Out of reach of young children and pets.
- Near a power socket and within Wi-Fi range, with space around the printer for the bed to move and air to circulate.
How much should you budget to start 3D printing?
Plan for more than the printer alone. Allow for starter materials (a spool or two of filament, or a bottle of resin), basic tools and, for resin, safety equipment and cleaning supplies. Printer bundles and bundle deals combine these in one order and often cost less than buying the items separately.
Frequently asked questions
Do I need a computer to use a 3D printer?
Usually, yes. A computer gives you the most control over slicing. Many modern printers also let you slice and send prints from a phone app or web browser, which is handy for quick jobs.
Which filament should I buy first?
PLA. It prints easily at relatively low temperatures, has very little smell and comes in the widest choice of colours and finishes. Learn more in 3D printing materials explained.
Do I need a filament dryer?
Not on day one, but it's well worth having. Filament absorbs moisture from the air, which causes stringing, popping and weak prints. A dryer is especially useful for PETG, TPU and nylon, and in damp rooms.
Do I need a wash and cure station for resin printing?
No. A lidded container of cleaning liquid and a UV light will do the job. A wash and cure station saves time, reduces mess and gives more consistent results.